In 2008, NASA's Phoenix Mars lander confirmed subsurface water ice in the Martian Arctic. The lander used robotic excavation to dig down and expose ice, then photographed it repeatedly over time to observe it, allowing scientists to estimate how much ice was present. The hosts frame this as a landmark confirmation that water, a key building block for life, exists on Mars and may be widespread elsewhere.
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2:02:02it's very different. Different cultures man. It's manifested differently. In first world countries, there's some >> issues because it's not it's just different. >> We have a curse of opulence. Yes. You know, but yeah, in in in in the world at large, this is a huge deal. >> Huge deal. Huge deal. 2008 confirmation of sub subsurface water ice on Mars. >> Yeah, this was NASA's Phoenix Mars lander. It confirmed the presence of subsurface water ice in the Martian Arctic utilizing a robotic excavation. It basically like excavated, found some ice, and then started taking pictures of it repeatedly, and you could see it the ice go down, you know, and you can you can calculate just how much there is.
2:02:44Um, this was huge because we're now we found water definitively. >> Yes. >> On Mars, >> next door. >> Yeah. >> So, water might be very pervasive everywhere as a building block of life. 2011, invention of CARTT cell therapy. >> Yes. This is personalized medicine. um