1,432 words · auto-generated from the episode video
58:26going in the simple harmonic motion is a feature of the fact that there's nothing there to slow it down. >> The the point being if you go like imagine like Heroes of Vujima putting the flag down on the ground >> and and then you like try to adjust it for the camera and whatever you're going to introduce some momentum. Well, there's no way you can place the flag without introducing momentum. >> Yes, exactly. And and the fact that it it kept sort of swinging a little bit is because there's nothing else to slow it down. And the the damping effect of the fiber itself is actually too small >> over a few oscillations. It does slow down, which you see. Yes. But you know, it's not enough. >> These are just like layups. Yeah. Next
59:06one. >> Next one is this. Nonp parallel shadows imply multiple light sources. So, it happened in a studio because the shadows are not pointing in the same direction. This one's like the most dumb to me [laughter] cuz like anyone who's taken a photograph has seen that the lights point towards a common center. >> Yes. >> Like just go outside when the sun is out and then look at take a photo with your phone of two light poles and they'll they'll be pointing to some source. They're not going to be parallel just because of the nature of photography and the idea that you've got a single source that is capturing this. >> That one's so dumb, >> guys. Okay, the next one is the no stars
59:48in the sky. There's no stars in the sky in any of the photographs. Well, the reason for that is the optical dynamic range, right? If you want if you want to take photographs, the surface of the moon is 30 times brighter than the stars. So, anyone who's done photography knows that if you want to if you want to have f-stop of like f11 and uh exposure time of 1 250th of a second, you're not going to get anything. I >> I mean, I deal with this trying to set up our cameras and I'm trying to make us look beautiful, but I'm like a slightly darker than you. Like, it's just like it's like >> it's this whole thing, right? And actually I wanted to show that photograph because we actually installed in Apollo 16 we installed a far
1:00:30ultraviolet camera. >> Yes. >> And on the right we see that far ultraviolet camera and there you can actually see stars. There's a photo of the Earth in far UV and the stars around the Earth. >> Yes. >> Jokes aside, that's an incredible photograph. >> It's the Earth with the stars in the background. >> Yes. >> Look at that. >> And it's it has a sort of crescent, you know, glow. It's >> it's amazing. It puts our place among the stars in the cosmos. I think that's really cool. >> Debunked. >> Yes. Yes. >> Okay. And now let's look for direct evidence. Okay. So, proving the landings, there was this thing called a lunar laser ranging. Um Apollo 11,4 and 15. They left retroreflector arrays on
1:01:10the moon. And so, you can point lasers to the specific points on the moon where Apollo 11, 14, and 15 were there. I mean, we know the coordinates of where the moon are. And nowadays, the laser can be localized to just that part of the moon. And if you point it at other parts of the moon, you're not going to get the laser to bounce back. But if you point it where Apollo 11, 14, and 15 were, you will get the laser to point back. And you can actually >> measure the roundtrip time, it's going to be about 2.5 seconds. And nowadays, our clocks are so good that you can measure the distance moving away because the moon is moving away at about 3.8 cm per year. M and so every year if you
1:01:51were to do this experiment you would actually see the time delay increasing >> by a tiny tiny margin because the moon is moving away. >> This is very dear to me because um there was this thing called the bronze dicki theory out of Princeton. There was a new theory for gravity. What they said was perhaps the gravitational constant which is g is not actually constant but it's actually a scalar field that varies across the cosmos in space and time. And one of the ways to do this was to measure the distance to the moon very very precisely. And that's actually one of the reasons why the Apollo the the Apollo astronauts left these retroreflective mirrors because the
1:02:32Princeton team pitched this idea to NASA and we're like, "Hey, this would be a cool way to measure G." Yes. >> It's like a fundamental test of general relativity. >> Yes. Cuz we're now on a body rocky body off planet that >> and that's like really far away. So it's maybe perhaps outside of the sort of friction of the earth if there's like some scalar field that like the earth is dragging or some kind of thing like that, you know. >> So So I I thought that was really cool. The second thing is the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which is like a satellite that goes around the moon and takes photos of the moon, can actually see tracks of Apollo 17's car rides, right? You can you can
1:03:13literally see the [laughter] car rides and then and then you can you can go and and see Apollo 17 and look at their footage and be like, "Oh, they went here." And then you can check the tracks and be like, "Oh, they went here. They spent some time there and then they went here and they spent some time there on their moon buggy." And they've been taking photos since 2009. The resolution is about um half a meter per pixel. So you can literally see the tracks, right? The verification also comes with other um nation states. The Japanese with Selen and Kaguya and the Indian ISRO they made Chandrean 1. They've taken photographs of the Apollo 11 and Apollo 2 lunar module that are left on the moon. >> I just don't get it.
1:03:54>> Right. So you can literally like what? So what you're telling me that the the Japanese and the Indians and the European Space Agency, everyone is colluding >> and and then also that the Chinese and Russians aren't calling this out and making a big whole stink about it. >> Yeah. And actually that that takes me to my final point, which is the Russians, why didn't they say anything in 1969 when we went to the moon? They could have easily been like, "No, they didn't." You know what they did instead? They denied that there was ever a race in the first place. [laughter] Okay, this is archival photographs of their Saturn 5. Their version of the Saturn 5. It was actually bigger. It failed. >> Of course it did. >> But look at it.
1:04:34>> Look at it. I mean, it failed. Jokes aside, the fact that they even got this far is insane given the amount of >> technology that they were behind on in terms of computing and things like that. But >> back to the jokes. Of course, it failed because it's the Russians. But at the end of the day, you know what they did? They were like, "No, we weren't even trying to go to the moon. I don't know what you guys are talking about. I mean, yeah, you guys went to I mean, good for you, I guess, but like we were never even trying." That was their retort. Their retort was not they never went to the moon. Their retort was we didn't even know we were in a race. Whether you look at it geopolitically, whether you look at it from what you can reproduce with current instruments, like again,
1:05:16you can you can it's visible. If you have a laser pointer, if you have a high powered telescope, >> multiple other countries have verified this to be true. >> I the flag it's like the vacuum, it everything is it just doesn't >> I'm just I was really surprised at how many people >> it's not even a minority of the American public.