Camera frame rates and significant digits

9:19But, then I start thinking, okay, the passer's foot and the ball make contact in 10 milliseconds, right? But, like the camera that's doing this judgment is at like 30 frames per second, which means that like from one frame to the next is 30 milliseconds, right? 30 times That's that's your time resolution. So, again, now you're going to a third of a meter. That's a foot. That's this big. >> And it's a difference >> air. And and that the offside judgment there was like they were like, "Oh, this is here and the the line is like cutting through his body." Didn't make sense to me. >> I think a lot of people who are anti-VAR going to love this conversation. >> But but so so from a from a fundamental

10:01physics perspective, right? When you're And this is something that you learn in undergraduate physics very very early. There's an importance in significant digits. When you don't like you don't like um you know, when you're even like measuring the the most simple experiment that you do like the first week or two of undergraduate physics lab is you measure gravity. >> Mhm. >> Okay? And in order to do that you're not really measuring grab like that's not the important part. The important part is to measure the distance between two timing like photo gates and then drop a ball so that you measure the time difference between this and this and then this and the impact to the ground. And then you measure these two

10:42distances. And the real exercise there is to say how precise do I know this distance and this distance. How precise do I know when the ball hit the ground, right? And how many significant like is it 0.1 seconds, 0.01 seconds, so on and so forth. Is it within a centimeter? Like is it 9 cm? It could be 10 cm. No, it couldn't. But it could be 9. 5 or 9.7, right? There's a plus or minus there in the deviation. And so from that you can then calculate gravity and you're not going to report it as 9.847265. Right? Because you need a much more precise experiment to actually determine

11:22that level of precision of gravity. >> As we talk about, you know, a variety of fundamental research papers, the instrumentation is a key thing we talk about and the level of precision of that instrumentation matters quite a bit. It's why we have electron, you know, it's why we have very, very, very precise detection machines